The genus Artemisia is the largest genus of the Asteraceae family, with more than 500 species. It is widely distributed mainly across the Northern Hemisphere. 34 species of the genus Artemisia are found in Iran . Artemisia aucheri is an aromatic plant from Asteraceae family, an native plant that distributed in Iran. Artemisia vulgaris L. (common mugwort) is a species with great importance in the history of medicine and was called the “mother of herbs” in the Middle Ages. this herbaceous plant showe exhibits high morphological and phytochemical variability depending on the location where it occurs iand is well known almost all over the world. Its herb—Artemisiae vulgaris herba—is used as a raw material due to the presence of essential oil, flavonoids, and sesquiterpenoids lactones and their associated biological activities. The European Pharmacopoeia has listed this species as a potential homeopathic raw material. Moreover, this species has been used in traditional Chinese, Iranian, Hindu, and European medicine to regulate the functioning of the gastrointestinal system and treat various gynecological diseases.
A.vulgaris L. has been known not only as an edible plant (mostly as a spice) but also as a traditional medicine in public health. Plant essential oils generally have a broad spectrum of bioactivity, because of the presence of several active ingredients or secondary metabolites, which work through various modes of action. Essential oils of common mugwort are used for their insecticidal, antimicrobial and anti-parasitical, antipyretic, antiseptic, antihelmintic, tonic and diuretic properties.
The presence of essential oil in A. vulgaris contributes to the significance of this species as a culinary spice in the food industry in various regions of the world. Currently, this species is also increasingly used in the production of cosmetics in Europe ( as a raw material ) as well as in Asia, East Asia (especially in Korea), and North America.
Distillation Metode
steam distillation
Mugwort essential oil, which is mainly composed of β-pinene, α-pinene, camphor, and 1,8-
cineole.